The A6ISR captures a snapshot of the global status of implementation of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. The 2026 edition includes 106 UNFCCC Parties in detail, covering institutional arrangements, bilateral cooperation arrangements, the PACM, independent crediting programs, capacity-building initiatives, private-sector perspectives, and national climate targets in the context of international carbon markets.

Progress continues across Article 6 institutional arrangement implementation. Ninety-four Parties have authorization and/or tracking arrangements under way; 15 have both in place; and 23 have submitted initial reports to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for inclusion in the Centralized Accounting and Reporting Platform (CARP).

Many countries are considering strategies for identifying potential mitigation activities to facilitate authorization, with 72% of responding Parties considering, developing or using an eligibility list. Publicly available lists are in places for at least nine Parties.

Bilateral cooperation arrangements continue to expand, with 113 arrangements across 68 Parties covering a total of 221 activities, and 151,566 tCO₂e of Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) have been transferred under bilateral cooperation.

The PACM continues to progress, with 1,159 submissions for prior consideration notifications. A total of 415 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) activities have received host Party approval to transition, with approved issuance of 1.11 million Article 6.4 Emission Reductions (A6.4ERs) from two transitioned programs of activities (PoA).

Independent crediting programs have a growing role in Article 6 implementation, accounting for approximately 8,948 projects with crediting periods beginning in 2021 or later, alongside 99 activities authorized under Article 6, with 48.2 million tCO₂e of authorized credits being recorded.

Private-sector engagement with Article 6 reflects both improving conditions and persistent barriers. Respondents reported improved government institutional capacity (55%) and legal and regulatory clarity (50%) in the past year. Acceleration of the Article 6.4 mechanism (45%) and integration into additional compliance schemes such as domestic Emissions Trading Systems (ETSs) or carbon taxes (42%) were highlighted as developments that would improve confidence in scalingup Article 6 engagement. Barriers remain, including limited government institutional capacity (50%) and incomplete authorization frameworks (48%).

Targeted support could unlock progress on the CORSIA, even as host Party capacity gaps related to the CORSIA-specific authorization emerge as the most challenging barrier for the private sector, with 55% of respondents rating this very challenging. To support host Parties to unlock CORSIA supply, respondents flagged selecting templates and tools that are consistent with Article 6.2 and CORSIA (55%), as well as support for national inventory availability, readiness for NDC progress tracking, and Article 6.2 accounting (55%).

Article 6 capacity-building and implementation support are active globally with broad geographical coverage and focus areas. In 2026, at least 81 Article 6-related programs, with engagement of over 123 Parties, are being implemented across various development partners, with strong focus on national policies and frameworks, on-the-ground mitigation activities, and knowledge sharing.

The majority of NDC 3.0s indicate an intention to use Article 6. Of 148 NDC 3.0s, 91% indicate an intention to use or consider use of Article 6. Alignment between the NDCs and implementation of Article 6 will be pivotal to raise global ambition.